# Vim documentation: os_beos

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    *os_beos.txt*	For Vim version 6.0aw.  Last change: 2001 Sep 03

    		  VIM REFERENCE MANUAL    by Bram Moolenaar

    							*BeOS* *BeBox*
    This is a port of Vim 5.1 to the BeOS Preview Release 2 (also known as PR2)
    or later.

    This file contains the particularities for the BeBox/BeOS version of Vim.  For
    matters not discussed in this file, Vim behaves very much like the Unix
    |os_unix.txt| version.

     1. General			|beos-general|
     2. Compiling Vim		|beos-compiling|
     3. Timeout in the Terminal	|beos-timeout|
     4. Unicode vs. Latin1		|beos-unicode|
     5. The BeOS GUI		|beos-gui|
     6. The $VIM directory		|beos-vimdir|
     7. Drag & Drop			|beos-dragndrop|
     8. Single Launch vs. Multiple
        Launch			|beos-launch|
     9. Fonts			|beos-fonts|
    10. The meta key modifier	|beos-meta|
    11. Mouse key mappings		|beos-mouse|
    12. Color names			|beos-colors|
    13. Compiling with Perl		|beos-perl|

    1. General						*beos-general*

    The default syntax highlighting mostly works with different foreground colors
    to highlight items. This works best if you set your Terminal window to a
    darkish background and light letters. Some middle-grey background (for
    instance (r,g,b)=(168,168,168)) with black letters also works nicely.  If you
    use the default light background and dark letters, it may look better to
    simply reverse the notion of foreground and background color settings. To do
    this, add this to your .vimrc file (where <Esc> may need to be replaced with
    the escape character):

      :if &term == "beos-ansi"
      :    set t_AB=<Esc>[3%dm
      :    set t_AF=<Esc>[4%dm
      :endif

    2. Compiling Vim					*beos-compiling*

    From the Advanced Access Preview Release (AAPR) on, Vim can be configured with
    the standard configure script. To get the compiler and its flags right, use
    the following command-line in the shell (you can cut and paste it in one go):

    CC=$BE_C_COMPILER CFLAGS="$BE_DEFAULT_C_FLAGS -O7" \
        ./configure --prefix=/boot/home/config

    $BE_C_COMPILER is usually "mwcc", $BE_DEFAULT_C_FLAGS is usually "-I- -I."

    When configure has run, and you wish to enable GUI support, you must edit the
    config.mk file so that the lines with GUI_xxx refer to $(BEOSGUI_xxx) instead
    of $(NONE_xxx).
    Alternatively you can make this change in the Makefile; it will have a
    more permanent effect. Search for "NONE_".

    After compilation you need to add the resources to the binary. Add the
    following few lines near the end (before the line with "exit $exit_value") of
    the link.sh script to do this automatically.

        rmattr BEOS:TYPE vim
        copyres os_beos.rsrc vim
        mimeset vim

    Also, create a dummy file "strip":

        #!/bin/sh
        mimeset $1
        exit 0

    You will need it when using "make install" to install Vim.

    Now type "make" to compile Vim, then "make install" to install it.

    If you want to install Vim by hand, you must copy Vim to $HOME/config/bin, and
    create a bunch of symlinks to it ({g,r,rg}{vim,ex,view}). Furthermore you must
    copy Vims configuration files to $HOME/config/share/vim:
    vim-5.0s/{*.vim,doc,syntax}.  For completeness, you should also copy the nroff
    manual pages to $HOME/config/man/man1. Don't forget ctags/ctags and xxd/xxd!

    Obviously, you need the unlimited linker to actually link Vim. See
    	http://www.metrowerks.com for purchasing the CodeWarrior compiler for BeOS.
    There are currently no other linkers that can do the job.

    This won't be able to include the Perl or Python interfaces even if
    you have the appropriate files installed. |beos-perl|

    3. Timeout in the Terminal				*beos-timeout*

    Because some POSIX/UNIX features are still missing[1], there is no direct OS
    support for read-with-timeout in the Terminal. This would meat that you cannot
    use :mappings of more than one character, unless you also :set notimeout.
    |'timeout'|

    To circumvent this problem, I added a workaround to provide the necessary
    input with timeout by using an extra thread which reads ahead one character.
    As a side effect, it also makes Vim recognize when the Terminal window
    resizes.

    Function keys are not supported in the Terminal since they produce very
    indistinctive character sequences.

    These problems do not exist in the GUI.

    [1]: there is no select() on file descriptors; also the termios VMIN and VTIME
    settings do not seem to work properly. This has been the case since DR7 at
    least and still has not been fixed as of PR2.

    							*beos-unicode*

    4. Unicode vs. Latin1					*beos-utf8*

    BeOS uses Unicode and UTF-8 for text strings (16-bit characters encoded to
    8-bit characters). Vim assumes ISO-Latin1 or other 8-bit character codes.
    This does not produce the desired results for non-ASCII characters. Try the
    command :digraphs to see. If they look messed up, use :set isprint=@ to
    (slightly) improve the display of ISO-Latin1 characters 128-255.  This works
    better in the GUI, depending on which font you use (below).

    You may also use the /boot/bin/xtou command to convert UTF-8 files from (xtou
    -f iso1 filename) or to (xtou -t iso1 filename) ISO-Latin1 characters.

    5. The BeOS GUI						*beos-gui*

    Normally Vim starts with the GUI if you start it as gvim or vim -g.  The BeOS
    version tries to determine if it was started from the Tracker instead of the
    Terminal, and if so, use the GUI anyway. However, the current detection scheme
    is fooled if you use the command "vim - </dev/null" or "vim filename &". The
    latter can be called a feature but probably only works because there is no
    BSD-style job control.

    Stuff that does not work yet:

    - Running external commands from the GUI does not work 100% (again due to lack
      of support for select()). There was a choice between seeing the command's
      output, or being able to interrupt it. I chose for seeing the output. Even
      now the command sometimes crashes mysteriously, apparently in Be's
      malloc_internal() called from the putenv() function, after fork()ing. (data
      access exception occurred, ec01b0ec:  90e80000 *stw r7, 0x0000 (r8))(:!ls
      works usually, :r !ls usually doesn't). This has been reported as bug
      # 971215-083826.
    - The window title.
    - Starting the GUI from the Terminal version with :gui always acts as if
      :gui -f were used. There is no way to fix this that I can see.
    - There are some small display glitches here and there that I hope to clean up
      later. Most of them occur when the window is partially obscured. Some of
      them seem to be bugs in BeOS, because the Terminal has similar glitches.
    - Mouse up events are not generated when outside the window. This is a bug in
      BeOS. You can notice this when selecting text and moving the cursor outside
      the window, then letting go of the mouse button.  Another way is when you
      drag the scrollbar and do the same thing.  Because Vim still thinks you are
      still playing with the scrollbar it won't change it itself. I provided a
      workaround which kicks in when the window is activated or deactivated (so it
      works best with focus- follows-mouse (/boot/bin/ffm) turned on).
    - The cursor does not flash (very low priority; I'm not sure I even like it
      when it flashes)

    The $VIM directory					*beos-vimdir*

    $VIM is the symbolic name for the place where Vims support files are stored.
    The default value for $VIM is set at compile time and can be determined with

      :version

    The normal value is /boot/home/config/share/vim. If you don't like it you can
    set the VIM environment variable to override this, or set 'helpfile' in your
    .vimrc:

      :if version >= 500
      :    set helpfile=~/vim/vim54/doc/help.txt
      :    syntax on
      :endif

    7. Drag & Drop						*beos-dragndrop*

    You can drop files and directories on either the Vim icon (starts a new Vim
    session, unless you use the File Types application to set Vim to be "Single
    Launch") or on the Vim window (starts editing the files).  Dropping a folder
    sets Vim's current working directory. |:cd| |:pwd| If you drop files or
    folders with either SHIFT key pressed, Vim changes directory to the folder
    that contains the first item dropped. When starting Vim, there is no need to
    press shift: Vim behaves as if you do.

    Files dropped set the current argument list. |argument-list|

    8. Single Launch vs. Multiple Launch			*beos-launch*

    As distributed Vim's Application Flags (as seen in the FileTypes preference)
    are set to Multiple Launch. If you prefer, you can set them to Single Launch
    instead.  Attempts to start a second copy of Vim will cause the first Vim to
    open the files instead. This works from the Tracker but also from the command
    line. In the latter case, non-file (option) arguments are not supported.

    NB: Only the GUI version has a BApplication (and hence Application Flags).
    This section does not apply to the GUI-less version, should you compile one.

    9. Fonts						*beos-fonts*

    Set fonts with

      :set guifont=Courier10_BT/Roman/10

    where the first part is the font family, the second part the style, and the
    third part the size. You can use underscores instead of spaces in family and
    style.

    Best results are obtained with monospaced fonts (such as Courier). Vim
    attempts to use all fonts in B_FIXED_SPACING mode but apparently this does not
    work for proportional fonts (despite what the BeBook says).

    Vim also tries to use the B_ISO8859_1 encoding, also known as ISO Latin 1.
    This also does not work for all fonts. It does work for Courier, but not for
    ProFontISOLatin1/Regular (strangely enough). You can verify this by giving the

      :digraphs

    command, which lists a bunch of characters with their ISO Latin 1 encoding.
    If, for instance, there are "box" characters among them, or the last character
    isn't a dotted-y, then for this font the encoding does not work.

    If the font you specify is unavailable, you get the system fixed font.

    Standard fixed-width system fonts are:

    	      ProFontISOLatin1/Regular
    		  Courier10_BT/Roman
    		  Courier10_BT/Italic
    		  Courier10_BT/Bold
    		  Courier10_BT/Bold_Italic

    Standard proportional system fonts are:

    		    Swis721_BT/Roman
    		    Swis721_BT/Italic
    		    Swis721_BT/Bold
    		    Swis721_BT/Bold_Italic
    		Dutch801_Rm_BT/Roman
    		Dutch801_Rm_BT/Italic
    		Dutch801_Rm_BT/Bold
    		Dutch801_Rm_BT/Bold_Italic
    		   Baskerville/Roman
    		   Baskerville/Italic
    		   Baskerville/Bold
    		   Baskerville/Bold_Italic
    		 SymbolProp_BT/Regular

    Try some of them, just for fun.

    10. The meta key modifier				*beos-meta*

    The META key modifier is obtained by the left or right OPTION keys.  This is
    because the ALT (aka COMMAND) keys are not passed to applications.

    11. Mouse key mappings					*beos-mouse*

    Vim calls the various mouse buttons LeftMouse, MiddleMouse and RightMouse.  If
    you use the default Mouse preference settings these names indeed correspond to
    reality. Vim uses this mapping:

        Button 1 -> LeftMouse,
        Button 2 -> RightMouse,
        Button 3 -> MiddleMouse.

    If your mouse has fewer than 3 buttons you can provide your own mapping from
    mouse clicks with modifier(s) to other mouse buttons. See the file
    vim-5.x/macros/swapmous.vim for an example.		|gui-mouse-mapping|

    12. Color names						*beos-colors*

    Vim has a number of color names built-in. Additional names are read from the
    file $VIMRUNTIME/rgb.txt, if present. This file is basically the color
    database from X. Names used from this file are cached for efficiency.

    13. Compiling with Perl					*beos-perl*

    Compiling with Perl support enabled is slightly tricky. The Metrowerks
    compiler has some strange ideas where to search for include files. Since
    several include files with Perl have the same names as some Vim header
    files, the wrong ones get included. To fix this, run the following Perl
    script while in the vim-5.0/src directory:

       preproc.pl > perl.h

        #!/bin/env perl
        # Simple #include expander, just good enough for the Perl header files.

        use strict;
        use IO::File;
        use Config;

        sub doinclude
        {
    	my $filename = $_[0];
    	my $fh = new IO::File($filename, "r");
    	if (defined $fh) {
    	    print "/* Start of $filename */\n";

    	    while (<$fh>) {
    		if (/^#include "(.*)"/) {
    		    doinclude($1);
    		    print "/* Back in $filename */\n";
    		} else {
    		    print $_;
    		}
    	    }
    	    print "/* End of $filename */\n";

    	    undef $fh;
    	} else {
    	    print "/* Cannot open $filename */\n";
    	    print "#include \"$filename\"\n";
    	}
        }

        chdir     $Config{installarchlib}."/CORE";
        doinclude "perl.h";

    It expands the "perl.h" header file, using only other Perl header files.

    Now you can configure & make Vim with the --enable-perlinterp option.
    Be warned though that this adds about 616 kilobytes to the size of Vim!
    Without Perl, Vim with default features and GUI is about 575K, with Perl
    it is about 1191K.

    -Olaf Seibert
    <rhialto@polder.ubc.kun.nl>
    	http://polder.ubc.kun.nl/~rhialto/be

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